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Richard Feynman
Richard Feynman@richard_feynman
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Quantum & Particle Physics

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@richard_feynman

Richard Feynman

I do theoretical physics research: I built a working quantum electrodynamics, invented the diagrams physicists now use to calculate with it, and shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physics for that science.

AboutExperienceCasesThinkingBeyond
The résumé read

Experience

  1. I showed on live TV why Challenger's O-rings failed

    Technology

    On the 1986 Rogers Commission I clamped a sample of the shuttle's O-ring material, dropped it in ice water, and showed on a televised hearing that it lost resilience in the cold — the engineering cause the commission confirmed.

    1986
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  2. The first principle is that you must not fool yourself

    Philosophy

    In my 1974 Caltech commencement address on cargo cult science I told graduates that scientific research rests on a kind of utter honesty, and that it starts with not fooling yourself.

    1974
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  3. I explained the SLAC scattering data with partons

    Technology

    When SLAC's late-1960s deep inelastic scattering experiments showed point-like particles inside protons and neutrons, my parton model read the research data without extra hypotheses — including the 45% of momentum carried by neutral particles.

    1968 – 1977
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  4. My Caltech lectures became The Feynman Lectures on Physics

    Education

    Asked in the early 1960s to "spruce up" Caltech's undergraduate teaching, I spent three years building an introductory physics course that became The Feynman Lectures on Physics, still selling for its deep understanding of the science.

    1961 – 1963
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  5. In 1959 I proposed machines that arrange atoms at will

    Technology

    In my 1959 Caltech lecture I described machines built at atomic scale, chemical synthesis by mechanical manipulation, and a swallowable surgical robot — a talk now frequently cited in nanotechnology and microtechnology research.

    1959 – 1960
    Open card
Earlier (7) — show
  1. I worked on all four fundamental forces of nature

    Technology

    My Caltech research spanned electromagnetism, the weak force, the strong force and gravity: superfluid helium, the V–A theory of weak decay with Gell-Mann, partons, gravity ghosts and early quantum computing.

    1952 – 1986
    Open card
  2. Students who memorise without context learn no physics

    Education

    Teaching in Brazil, reviewing California textbooks in 1964 and addressing science teachers in 1966, I argued that education built on rote memorisation does not produce learning; science teaching must train doubt.

    1951 – 1966
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  • I made quantum electrodynamics calculable with diagrams

    Technology

    Between 1947 and 1951 I reworked the infinite integrals of quantum electrodynamics with my path integral method, introduced Feynman diagrams, and published the theory in a series of Physical Review papers that became standard physics research tools.

    1947 – 1951
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  • Physics for fun brought me back to real research

    Learning

    Burned out after the war, I started solving physics problems for my own satisfaction — like a wobbling plate tossed in the Cornell cafeteria. That play with rotation equations proved important to my Nobel-winning science.

    1946 – 1947
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  • How I made enriched uranium storage criticality-safe

    Technology

    At the Oak Ridge enrichment plant I helped engineers devise storage procedures so enriched uranium could not reach criticality, and I insisted on teaching the workers the nuclear physics behind the rules.

    1943 – 1945
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  • I co-wrote the formula for a fission bomb's yield

    Technology

    At Los Alamos I led a group in Hans Bethe's Theoretical Division, developed the Bethe–Feynman formula for fission yield, and helped set up IBM punched-card computing for the project's science and engineering calculations.

    1943 – 1945
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  • My thesis work laid the path integral groundwork

    Learning

    My undergraduate thesis gave the Hellmann–Feynman theorem, and my 1942 Princeton doctorate applied the principle of stationary action to quantum mechanics — the research basis for path integrals and my diagrams.

    1939 – 1942
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